Cold wave hair curler



u y .1946. JiMsmNs" 2,4052- COLD WAVE HAIR CURLER Fi1ed Feb. 15, 1945 INVENTOR. .JIJSEFH f1 51mm Patented July 2, 1946 2,403,244 l I eotnwsvs HAIR onR ER Joseph Musimons, St. Louis Park, Minn. v ApplicationFebruary 15, 1945, Serial No. 578,050

omen.{STA -Es ZPATEVNTY 1 41Claims. (01.132 30 My invention relates to afcold'wa ve hair curler.

and has for its object to provide a device for forming curls of the hair for use in connection with the cold wave process, which has many substantial advantages over as heretofore used. I

In beauty culture practice what is, known as permanent waving of the hair, particularly of women'and in some instancesmen, for a great many years was en'ectedby electrically heated members." This methodjwhich is; still employed to' a considerable degree, involvessome discomfort tothe individuals on which it i's performed, and because of the use of heat it 'is'diflicult to bring the permanent waving 'righ't'close to the scalp, so that the growth 'o'f the hair will interfere with the efiectiveness of the permanent waving sooner than would be the c'a'se'if the waves were brought close to the scalp. Also there has been some danger in connection there having been a; great serious burns. it it For these reasons beauty cultureoperators have sought to find away of permanently wavingthe hair without the'use of heat; Such a Way has been perfected, whereby the hair is curled upon curler members, which curls are held-fixed while a solution is applied which upon drying has the effect of permanently "setting the curls. The curlers used in this cold wave process have genmany instances of erally provided a, cord or piece of stringper-- manently attached to one end of the curler and which is drawn tight over the curler after it is formed and held by havin the cord or string enter notches at the other endof the curler. This arrangement has hadcertain marked disadvantages in that it is difiicult to keep the curl in position while the cord is carried over it and attached, and the arrangement does not with certainty prevent rotation of the curler and an uncurling efiect, and furthermore there is considerable time taken up in releasing the cord and taking the curler out of the hair. All of these dilficulties have interferedsomewhat with the developmentand use of cold wave methods.

I- have discovered that a very simple but'highly efiicient curler may be produced by applying a simple clip which is attached to the curler in such a manner that it may be freely rotated and not in any way interfere with the setting of the curl on the curler shaft, but which may be then changed in position not only to hold the curlas set, but to prevent rotation of the curler. This arrangement enables the cold wave setting to be" done more rapidly and with better results than otherwise would be the case.

cold wave curlers with heat waving,

2 It is a principal object or my invention, therefore, to form a curler spindle in the customary manner but with sets of grooves adjacent the ends thereof and to positionabout these setsoi grooves a frame member in theform of an enveloping clip-like structureso connected with the grooves that in one position the curling spindle may be rotated freely V in another position the spindle will be held from rotation and by means of the clip the curl will be maintained in position on "the spindle while' being dried and set by the setting liquid.'

It is a further object ofmyinvention to form the so-called' clip as a U-shaped piece with a transverse bar and two shanks extending at right angles. to the a and; being formed with, loops,

. the dimensions'of the spaces within the loops being wider at their out'er ends and narrower at their inner ends, so thatthe spindle may hero tated freely when it is positionedinthewider spaces of the loops and will be locked against rotationwhen it is positioned in the narrower spaces ofthe loops.

It is a further object of my invention to provide the hair curling spindle with grooves adjacent the ends thereof formed with one or more flat faces'adap'ted to seat in the narrowed portion of the loops of the clip member so that when so seated the curling spindle will'be held from turnmg.

I It is a further object of my invention to form the spindle with heads large enough" to prevent the loops of the clip from coming out of the grooves on the spindle, and to form one of-the loops larger than the other and with one of the heads removable whereby the arrangement may be conveniently assembled.

It is a further object of my invention to form the clips of some fairly rigid material such as to hold the shape of the clips, as for example steel wire, with the loops formed of the extent of the wire, or plastic material of such width as to per mit the loops to be formed directly through the body of the plastic material.

The full objects and advantages of my invention will appear in connection with the detailed description of the invention given in the ap-. and the novel features by pended. specification, which the advantageous results above. enumerated are obtained will be particularly pointedout in the claims.

In the drawing illustrating my invention in some of its forms:

Fig. i is a view of the hair curler in plan with tended? the clip member formed of wire and fully exwithin thisfmember while an appl ation f.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on line Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a view of a hair curler similar to that Y of Fig. 1 in which the Fig. 4 isa sectional vie Fig. 3.

clip member is made of plastic-and fully extended.

w taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line 5-5 f 3zjsh ry ngthatthe bottom -or: tl-ie -groo'vesefle the samefon-botl 'f grooves.

Fig. 6 is a detail view with ome parts brokenaway, showing the manner of securing the removable end or hand-ho curler member, and also showing the squared portion within the groove l ps; and the squar d;

1d upon the end) of the of the curler.

Fig. 7 illustrates the manner-0f laying a curl upon the curling spindle the clip .fully extended to the curlingspindle.

. Fig. 8 hows a.

curl has been .cour ipleted holdingthe curl in position i The curling'spindlel tion preferably having shape with walls conically curvedf outward'from,

I the enlarged ends of the conical portions of thespindle are formed circumthe center. Adjacent f erential grooves l I" and grooves are formed with as face l3, Figs. 2 and of the grooves will be in Ends lii and is extend be I curl complete'dfiwith the clip pushed into lockingposition. e a Fig.9 is a schematic viewfshowi'ng the position of'fthe curler upon the hea inside'of the clip with permit free rotation of 'd of a'subiect after the a d whi e the curler is 5' v of tandard construca very, broad hourglass I2. The bottoms of the some plane ifaces, such Preferably the bottoms the former squares [4.

3'5 yohd'the grooves H and l2. :The end -15 is an elongate dend rigidlyand peil inaiiiently secured. to

an d is adapted to be used r-a screw 11 adapted to seat the curling. spindle. l0 between thethumb, and have secured thereto; a in a threaded aperture I8 extending through the'squaredportion I4 into the spindle I0, as shown later to be given.

A clip member 19 isprovidedformed of wire, and 2, or of plastic, as shown This clip member comprises device having a transverse as shown in Figs. '1 in Figs. 3, 4 and 5. 'ingeneral a U -shaped bar 20 when formed of wire, or 2| plastic. To the transverse memb 'thetransverse bar20 right angles to the cross bar extension of and 23'extending at 20, forthe wire form of in Fig. 6,.for a purpose when formed or er is secured an into arms 22.

the device. Where the plastic clip is used portions of the bar itself are turned over, as indicated case the parts 22 and 23, and 24 at Hand 25. In either and'25 extend substantially at right angles to the connecting bar 20 or 2| and form in wire construction of Figs.

ried around to form a loop 2-6. The loop comprises two parts, a circular par narrowed part indicated cular part is of portions l3 may squared portions such dimensions are within the circular part,but

efiect a U-piece. Inthe 1 and 2 the wire is cartindicated at 21 and a at 28, Fig. 2. The cirthat the square turn freely in it when these will seat along their faces in. the narrowed portion 28 when the squared part is brought into that narrowed portion and there prevent turning of the spindle. The enlarged part 21 of the loop 26 may be made large enough to pass over the end- 30 of the'spindle curler Ill when the head [-6 has been removed therefrom, or wheredesired; the head .16 may be made integral imthe spin dle Ill and the loops ins erted in the grooves .l 1.

3 across than on the spindle close tov and I2 before being permanently secured, at the point indicated at 3|, Figs. 1 and 2.

In the plastic form of Figs. 3, 4'and 5, the parts 2 4 and 25, Figs. 4 and '5, are carried from the transverse member 2| in the form of a broad 'plate 32 which expands, as indicated at 33, and

has formed therein an opening 34, Fig. 5, which is large enough at itslower point to permit free rotation ofithe square end '1! ingroove 'l 1 .1 Plate 32-atthe end 25 has formed-'thereinan' expanded portion 35 the opening 34 and large enough to ,slipoverthe enlarged ends there is a narrowed extension 3'l which is adapted to slip over the sides, such as l3, of the squared connecting member sides oithe hair curler, spindle against any turning movements.

In Figs. 7,3 and 9, themethod of using the hairecurler isindicated A wisp of hair 38 wet with the setting solution -is-manipulated by one. the curling spindle In and is held;

hand-to go on by that hand while the spindle, is rotated from the long end. l5 thereof until a curl 39 is formed 40 in Fig.'-8,-both The transverse bar.20 or 2| is .then pushed down pon the curl, asindlcatedinFig; 8, causing the square portions M in the groovesli and [-2 to seat. in 'theparallel walled slot portion 31, thus holding the spindle fromrotation. The extended parts 22 and 23 of the loop members engage the scalp and efiectively prevent any turningmovement of the curling spindle In which mightrea sult in loosening or permit uncurling of the curl of hair upon the spindle. The manner in which the curls are held when made is shown at H and 42, as applied to a subject's head. As is the usual practice in cold :hair curling, the wisp of hair thatis set'in the curl has applied thereto a setting chemical so that aftera certain length of r time the hair in the curledform is dried and permanently set. Y 7 r For withholding the curl it is only necessary to push the loops from the position of Fig. 8 t0 the position of Fig. 7 and hold the bar 20 in one hand so that the spindle may turn as it is withdrawn to pull it from the curl which then is set as a permanent Wave. The practice, of course, is to take small strips of hair successively over the whole head orover that part of the head whereit is desired to curl the hair, and make successive curls in rows-and tiers until the hair is entirely curled. i

The advantages. of my invention have been made to appear very clearlyin the foregoing description. A primary advantage of my invention comesfrom the fact that greatly increased speed and accuracy in forming the curl 'is' possible with the use of this invention. In'the practice of" the usual curler where a string is employedto bind the curl after itis formed, there is a lot of difiiculty because of the string getting in the way and becoming tangledwith the hair, and afterthecurl is formed there is jdifiicultysin bringingsthe string into binding position withoutthe.curlqslipe which enclosesv an opening 36 larger 7 e 29 of the curler 'spin- 7 dle'lfl. This can be effected when the head l6 has-been removed by being unscrewed, as indi- M. This will occur at both.

thus locking the curling" the. scalp, as indicated at hands .aiding in the rotation.

ping, and also there is nothing to prevent the curl and the spindle from rotating on the head. Also the string rots very rapidly by reason of its contact with the setting fluid and frequently breaks, all of which greatly increases the difficulty of the curling manipulation and correspondingly increases the length of time necessary to form the curl, which is, of course, a very important element in the practice of cold wave curling, since the length of time which elapses for completing the entire cold wave setting both increases expense and time consumption on the part of the subject- Also the use of the cross bar or 2i pulling the curler from the set curl is both effective for that purpose and shortens the time in doing it.

It will be understood, of course, that the forming of the curls and the solution employed in connection with the curls as formed not merely sets the curls but effects a permanent set in what is known as permanent waving by a cold wave process.

I claim:

1. A hair curler, comprising a spindle formed with annular grooves adjacent the ends thereof, a U-shaped cli having arms formed with loops seated in said grooves, said loops providing an enlarged portion and a narrowed portion, the bottoms of the grooves being so shaped relative to said portion of the loops that rotation of the spindle freely can take place when the bottoms of the grooves are in the enlarged portions of the loops and the spindle will be locked to the loops and the cli when the bottoms of the grooves are in the narrowed portions of the loops.

2. A hair curler, comprising a spindle formed with annular grooves adjacent the ends thereof, a, U-shaped clip having arms formed with loops seated in said grooves, the bottoms of said grooves being formed with a flat face, said loops providing an enlarged portion and a narrowed portion, the enlarged portion being of a. size to permit free rotation of the spindle when the bottoms of :portion being so shaped and positioned as to be engaged by the flat face in the bottoms of the grooves to lock the spindle to the loops and the clip when the bottoms of the grooves are in the narrowed portions of the loops.

3. A hair curler, comprising a spindle formed with annular grooves adjacent the ends thereof, a U-shaped clip having arms formed with loops seated in said grooves, the bottoms of said grooves being formed square in cross section with opposed flat faces, said loops each provided with an enlarged portion and a narrowed portion of such size relative to the squared portion of the bottoms of the grooves that the spindle may rotate freely when the bottoms of said grooves are in the enlarged portion, and the spindle will be locked against rotation when the bottoms of the grooves are pushed into the narrowed portions of the loops to cause the opposed fiat faces thereof to engage the walls of the loops.

i. A hair curler formed of molding material such as plastic, comprising a spindle having annular grooves adjacent the ends thereof, said ends being substantially larger than the spindle and one of them being removably held thereon, a U-shaped clip having arms formed with loops, each of said loops being provided with an enlarged portion and a narrowed portion, the enlarged portion of one of said loops being adapted toslip over the spindle when the removable end has been removed so that both loops may be positioned in the respective grooves of the spindle, the bottoms of the grooves being so shaped relative to said portions of the loops that rotation of the spindle freely can take place when the grooves are positioned in the larger portions of the loops while the curl is being formed, and the spindle will be locked to the loops and the clip when the grooves are positioned in the smaller portions of the loops.

JOSEPH M. SIMONS. 

